Early menopause in women: symptoms, causes, treatment

The early menopause is a condition in women, in which, for various reasons, menstruation stops very early (that is, its absence during the year). The norm is considered if a woman's climax occurs at the age of forty-seven to fifty-three years. If this phenomenon is observed up to forty-five years, then what is the climax considered to be early. In most cases, his offensive talks about any violations in the female body. Only a small percentage of the female population such a climax is considered the norm, because it is due to hereditary factors.



In the early menopause, there is a menopause or a complete absence of menstruation for a year or more, which can be triggered by various causes: oocyte stocks in the ovaries have depleted, malfunctions in the ovarian response to hormonal signals of the body, ovarian damage or removal by surgery (ovariectomy).

A few years before the onset of menopause, a woman undergoes a so-called perimenopause - a period lasting an average of two to six years. But for some women, it can be shorter or longer.

Violations of the menstrual cycle are the main sign of the approach of the early menopause. Monthly passes into the category of a rare phenomenon. First, the delay in menstruation is a week, then more. Monthly may not be several months. That is why it is very important to go to the gynecologist regularly (every six months or a year). When menstrual irregularities occur, carrying out hormonal studies will reveal the cause of their appearance. If there is a premature fading in the function of the ovaries, then treatment in this case is ineffective.

A prolonged absence of menstruation or amenorrhea is a sign of premature ovarian failure. As a rule, for the diagnosis of early menopause, the levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and estradiol are used. Clinical picture in premature climax: secondary amenorrhea, infertility, high levels of FSH and LH (luteinizing hormone), low level of estradiol.

It should be noted that, unlike normal menopause, early is characterized by the fact that the stocks of eggs in the ovaries are not completely exhausted. This is why menstruation and ovulation are possible in the period of early menopause with premature ovarian failure. This is observed in twenty-five percent of women, and about ten percent of women can still get pregnant and have a healthy baby. In the usual climax, the egg does not exit, and as a result the woman is no longer able to conceive.

Premature onset of menopause may be due to removal of the ovaries or aggressive medication when there is damage or complete removal of the ovaries. As a result, a woman's menstruation does not come. Premature menopause on the background of the effects of radiation therapy or chemotherapy doctors called the syndrome of premature ovarian depletion, in which their work is not fully implemented. The extinction of ovarian function can occur for several years or decades before the onset of the normal climacteric period.

In addition to stopping menstruation, premature menopause suppresses the influence of female sex hormones on various organs and tissues, which can provoke the development of various disorders and diseases. The first, so-called violations in women are observed "hot flashes", increased sweat glands, and as a result, sweating, mood swings, memory and disability worsening, as well as sleeping problems. Then there are mild-temporal disorders - problems with urination, dryness in the vagina , problems in the sexual plan, and then late or metabolic disorders - diseases of the cardiovascular system, osteoporosis and degenerative diseases of the central nervous system (Alzheimer's disease).

Very often, women experience discomfort, which is associated with menopause. And this is normal. It should be remembered that such violations are a manifestation of hormonal changes in a woman who entered the menopause.

Causes of early menopause.
When the first symptoms of menopause appear before the age of forty-five, it is a strong argument for referring to specialists (gynecologist, oncologist, endocrinologist). In addition, it is absolutely necessary to pass tests for hormones.

Provide for the onset of premature menopause may be different reasons. One of them, in addition to ovarian exhaustion, is a hereditary predisposition associated with a defect in the X chromosome. Normally, every woman has two X-chromosomes, but only one of them is active. However, the presence of a flaw in another can provoke premature menopause. This flaw leads to a violation of egg production. This explains the fact that women with such a defect in egg cells are much less than in healthy ones, as a result of which the menopause occurs six to eight years earlier than the prescribed time. Another chromosomal abnormality that can lead to the onset of premature menopause is Turner Syndrome, when a woman has a complete or partial lack of a second chromosome. Often, these women generally do not have a period, because the ovaries do not develop sufficiently, so they can not produce estrogen. The presence of three X chromosomes also leads to premature menopause due to impaired ovarian function.

According to one of the versions, the cause of such a climax is called rapid acceleration. To date, puberty of girls occurs much earlier, the average age of onset of men has decreased from fourteen to ten to eleven. Other causes of premature menopause may be thyroid disease, autoimmune disorders, when the immune system produces antibodies to ovarian tissues and other elements of the reproductive system, contributing to impaired ovarian function (diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis), gynecological diseases, exposure to chemotherapy or radiotherapy, unhealthy lifestyle, bad ecology, overweight or obese women, incorrectly matched control pills , strict diets or famine set, a general decrease in immunity, excessive smoking, etc.

Trouble or danger?
Premature menopause at the age of 35-40 years, as a rule, proceeds hard and long. Women early enough observe aging of the skin, the appearance of wrinkles and age spots, the reduction and loss of the shape of the breast, the appearance of excess fat on the sides, abdomen, thighs and buttocks. In addition, these women three times the risk of heart attack and six times the stroke. This is due to the deterioration of cholesterol metabolism, against which development of atherosclerosis and other diseases of the cardiovascular system occurs. It should also be noted that in women during the menopause, immunity to insulin increases, which leads to the development of type 2 diabetes. Hormonal imbalance can cause the development of tumors, in particular the breast. Because women after 40 should always go to the reception to the gynecologist (every six months) and do mammography (once a year and a half). Reducing the level of female sex hormones can cause a decrease in bone density and, as a consequence, lead to osteoporosis.

Sex after menopause.
Many women note the increase in sexual desire during the menopause. Regular sexual life alleviates symptoms of menopause ("hot flashes"), and also makes a woman more calm.

Treatment and nutrition.
Climax is not a disease, but if it is accompanied by "hot flashes" and hormonal imbalance, you should see a doctor. The skilled expert will appoint competent treatment which can eliminate a dyscomfort. To prevent various complications of the climacteric period, doctors prescribe hormone replacement therapy. Indeed, they help a woman survive this difficult period, but to prevent the development of osteoporosis, they are not enough. Therefore, experts recommend taking drugs with a silicon content, which prevents the destruction of bone tissue and increases the elasticity of bones. For example, as an additional source of nutrients, you can use Filvel drops that contain silicon in an easily digestible form of the organism - ortosilicic acid (PCC). The composition of the drug also includes L-carnitine, due to the connection with which the PCC keeps its activity for a long time and is easily absorbed into the digestive tract. In addition to tablets, hormonal therapy can use vaginal suppositories, patches or intrauterine devices. All of them throw doses of estrogen into the body of a woman, because of a lack of which, in fact, the menopause comes. Most often, the treatment course lasts from one to two years. Medicines should be prescribed only by a doctor, independent treatment can be fraught with serious complications.

In addition to hormone therapy, a woman should reconsider her eating habits. The main thing now is a healthy lifestyle, including a healthy diet. In particular, it is necessary to include in the diet more seafood, fruits, vegetables and greens, as well as macaroni, since they contain a lot of carbohydrates, which is especially useful for menopause. It is essential to limit the intake of animal products, as well as to abandon the sweet, salty, spicy, fatty. Also it is worth using skim milk and low-fat cheese, they have a lot of calcium. In addition, moderate daily exercise is required, as well as walking in the fresh air.

Folk remedies for menopause.
Simultaneously with the main treatment, folk methods can be used, having consulted a doctor beforehand.

Herbs.
To make an infusion of herb medicinal herbs, according to the instructions on the package (the herb is purchased at the pharmacy), and drink 200 ml two or three times a day.

Two tablespoons of oregano pour 400 ml of boiling water in a thermos, insist and take half a glass two or three times a day after eating half an hour. Especially helps with neuroses against the background of menopause.

Two tablespoons of sage to brew 400 ml of boiling water and insist. Take half the glass three times a day for three months.

Healing baths.
Grind 30 g of roots of sink and pour a liter of cold water. The resulting mixture is infused for three hours, put on fire and boiled from the moment of boiling for twenty minutes. This infusion pour into a bath with warm water. Bath should be taken at night. The course of treatment is nineteen baths.

30 g of ground wormwood roots pour a liter of cold water, insist for two hours. Then put the infusion on the fire, as soon as boil boil for ten minutes. The course of treatment is thirteen baths.

Pour 15 grams of gammon with a goose quart of boiling water, put on fire and boil for thirty minutes, after which the broth filter and cool. To add in a bath. The course of treatment is thirteen baths.

Choice of drugs with menopause.
Thanks to the development of medicine, today there are a lot of drugs that significantly facilitate a woman's life in the climacteric period: herbal preparations, vitamin-mineral complexes and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) preparations.

Estroel (Ecomir, Russia).
Natural herbal preparation that eliminates estrogen deficiency, reduces tidal stress, restores psycho-emotional state, reduces the likelihood of estrogen-dependent tumors, prevents the development of osteoporosis, eliminates vitamin deficiency. Assign one or two tablets a day during meals for two months. If necessary, the course is repeated.

Climadinon (Bionorica, Germany), Feminal (Yadran, Croatia).
Phytopreparations, which eliminate the deficiency of estrogen, reduce the manifestations of tides. The course of admission is appointed by the doctor.

Tsi-Klim (Evalar, Russia).
Phytopreparation, eliminates the deficiency of estrogen, reduces the severity of tides. The appointment is made by a doctor.

Remens (Richard Bittner, Austria).
Homeopathic drug that eliminates estrogen deficiency, reduces the severity of hot flashes and has a general strengthening effect. Take one tablet or ten drops three times a day for six months.

If you have early symptoms of menopause, you should consult your doctor. Timely detection of the cause of this phenomenon will help in its treatment.