2 Comments
Contraceptive pills of the new generation, the mechanism of action, contraindications
Nowadays there is a huge choice of methods of contraception, preventing the onset of an unplanned pregnancy. Despite this, in Russia the percentage of abortions is increasing. The negative attitude of women towards hormonal contraceptives is based on existing myths about the dangers of their use. However, the new generation of contraceptives differ from the previous ones in the minimum content of hormones, as well as the minimal amount of side effects. In this case, hormonal contraceptives can also be used by young nulliparous women who have several sexual partners.
Contraceptive pills have the highest effectiveness of preventing pregnancy among available contraceptives (98% of cases). This is due to the content in the hormonal contraceptives of artificially synthesized sex hormones. It should be noted that after the termination of taking hormone tablets, all the changes that have occurred in the female body are restored quickly enough, resulting in a welcome pregnancy. It should also be said that taking hormonal contraceptives significantly improves the condition of the skin, hair and nails, as well as the general well-being of the woman.
Contraceptive can be prescribed by a doctor for the treatment of hormonal disorders. Do not forget that only a gynecologist can prescribe to you those or other contraceptives. It is not recommended to do this on your own, because when choosing a remedy the doctor takes into account the individual characteristics of the organism of the particular patient. In addition, it is mandatory before the appointment of a hormonal contraceptive, the doctor sends the patient to the test for hormones. Only after receiving the results of the tests, he can choose for you this or that drug.
Mechanism of action.
Hormonal contraceptives are divided into two groups: combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and mini- pills (non - combined oral contraceptives). The first group includes artificially synthesized hormones (ethinyl estradiol and progestins). Preparations of this group suppress ovulation, change the structure of the inner mucosa of the endometrium (the uterine cavity), excluding implantation of the embryo, even in the case of fertilization of the oocyte. In addition, COCs contribute to the thickening of mucus in the cervical canal, as a result of which the penetration of spermatozoa into the uterine cavity is significantly hampered. Thus, combined oral contraceptives have a multistage level of protection against the onset of an unplanned pregnancy. Therefore, tablets are by far the most reliable and preferred contraceptive method.
The composition of mini-pili includes only progestogens. Tablets of this group are recommended for women during lactation, since they do not affect the woman's body in any way. The mechanism of action of such drugs is simple: they help thicken the cervical mucus and change the structure of the inner mucous membrane of the uterine cavity, which prevents implantation of the embryo.
The benefits of a new generation of birth control pills:
New birth control pills.
Among the combined oral tablets, taking into account the content of hormones in them, there are: microdosed, low-dose, medium-dose, and also tablets with a high content of hormones.
Microdosed hormonal birth control pills are well tolerated and recommended to young and yet unborn women who have a regular sexual life (once a week or more). Ideal for women who have never used hormonal contraceptives. Due to the minimal amount of hormones in the preparations of this group, the probability of side effects is minimized. The most popular microdosed drugs are: Mersilon, Lindineth, Miniziston, Novinet, Yarina, Jess with antiandrogenic effect, Tri-Mercy, Logest.
Low-dose hormonal drugs in the form of tablets are prescribed to young women who do not have a history of childbirth and who lead a regular sex life, in the absence of a positive result from the use of microdosed drugs. In addition, the drugs of this group are suitable for women of late reproductive age. Have some side effects. The most popular drugs in the group are: Lindineth-30, Silest, Miniziston 30, Marvelon (may cause menstrual irregularity), Microgonon, Femoden, Regulon, Rigevidone, Janine (with antiandrogenic action), Belara (with antiandrogenic effect).
Mid-dosed hormone tablets are ideal for the delivery of women and women giving birth in the late reproductive period, leading a regular sex life. The drugs have a high degree of protection and contribute to the normalization of the menstrual cycle: Chloe (has an antiandrogenic effect), Diane-35 with antiandrogenic effect, Demulin, Trikwilar, Triziston, Tri-regol, Milvan.
High-dosage hormone tablets are prescribed only by a doctor as medications. This kind of contraception is recommended for women with children, as well as women of late reproductive age, who have a regular sexual life in the absence of the effect of using low- and medium-dose drugs. The most common representatives of this group of contraceptives are: trikvilar triziston, non-ovolon, Ovidon.
Mini-drank.
In the mini-drink there are only progestogens. This contraceptive option is suitable for women giving birth and women of late reproductive age who lead a regular sexual life in the presence of contraindications to the use of COCs. These drugs have fewer side effects, but are inferior to the effectiveness of COCs. These are drugs such as: lactinet, Norkolut, Eksluton, Micronor, Charozetta, Microlut.
Disadvantages of use.
Women who use COCs as a means of preventing unplanned pregnancy can periodically increase their blood pressure (in three to five percent of cases), and in some cases, the course of the current hypertension may worsen.
COC does not promote the development of cholelithiasis. However, if a woman has gallstones, there may be an increase in the incidence of biliary colic.
Taking birth control pills, it is worth knowing that in the first months of admission, there may be irregularities in the menstrual cycle. Usually there are spotting spotting, or menstruation does not occur at all. These phenomena are absolutely normal, after a while (usually two to three months) after the start of taking the tablets, the process is normalized. If this does not happen, and this occurs in rare cases, a woman should consult a doctor with a gynecologist to choose another most appropriate drug.
Acceptance of COC, contrary to popular belief, does not affect the increase in body weight. If there is a set of excess weight, its cause is not hormonal drugs, but an incorrect diet and low level of physical activity. Properly selected contraceptives of the new generation with a low content of hormones do not affect body weight in any way.
Some means of contraception due to their use can cause unpleasant sensations in the mammary glands. This can be expressed in the appearance of a feeling of tension or pain. The manifestation of symptoms is similar to that of early pregnancy. Worry about this is also not worth it. All will pass by itself after several receptions of the drug.
In rare cases, COCs can cause severe headaches. If the occurrence of headaches has become frequent, while in combination with hearing and visual impairment, it is recommended to stop taking the medication and contact a gynecologist.
Often, women after 40 when taking oral contraceptive data feel attacks of nausea, which in rare cases go to vomiting. Specialists attribute this to the age-related hormonal changes in the female body. Usually taking pills just before bed helps to significantly reduce the manifestations of these attacks.
In some cases, after taking the drug, women experience emotional mood swings. Despite the fact that doctors deny the connection of this phenomenon with the use of COC, it is still worthwhile to see a doctor.
The intake of hormonal tablets positively affects the libido of a woman, greatly enhancing it. But in some cases, the effect may be reversed. To be frightened of it it is not necessary, as the given phenomenon has time character.
When taking oral hormonal contraceptives, pigmentation spots can occur, especially in open areas of the body, which are most often exposed to sunlight. In this case, it is recommended to stop taking this medication. Usually this phenomenon is temporary.
Properly selected contraceptives individually for each woman reduce the risk of side effects to a minimum.
Contraindications to the use of COCs:
This group of women as a substitute can be assigned mini-saws.
Contraceptive pills have the highest effectiveness of preventing pregnancy among available contraceptives (98% of cases). This is due to the content in the hormonal contraceptives of artificially synthesized sex hormones. It should be noted that after the termination of taking hormone tablets, all the changes that have occurred in the female body are restored quickly enough, resulting in a welcome pregnancy. It should also be said that taking hormonal contraceptives significantly improves the condition of the skin, hair and nails, as well as the general well-being of the woman.
Contraceptive can be prescribed by a doctor for the treatment of hormonal disorders. Do not forget that only a gynecologist can prescribe to you those or other contraceptives. It is not recommended to do this on your own, because when choosing a remedy the doctor takes into account the individual characteristics of the organism of the particular patient. In addition, it is mandatory before the appointment of a hormonal contraceptive, the doctor sends the patient to the test for hormones. Only after receiving the results of the tests, he can choose for you this or that drug.
Mechanism of action.
Hormonal contraceptives are divided into two groups: combined oral contraceptives (COCs) and mini- pills (non - combined oral contraceptives). The first group includes artificially synthesized hormones (ethinyl estradiol and progestins). Preparations of this group suppress ovulation, change the structure of the inner mucosa of the endometrium (the uterine cavity), excluding implantation of the embryo, even in the case of fertilization of the oocyte. In addition, COCs contribute to the thickening of mucus in the cervical canal, as a result of which the penetration of spermatozoa into the uterine cavity is significantly hampered. Thus, combined oral contraceptives have a multistage level of protection against the onset of an unplanned pregnancy. Therefore, tablets are by far the most reliable and preferred contraceptive method.
The composition of mini-pili includes only progestogens. Tablets of this group are recommended for women during lactation, since they do not affect the woman's body in any way. The mechanism of action of such drugs is simple: they help thicken the cervical mucus and change the structure of the inner mucous membrane of the uterine cavity, which prevents implantation of the embryo.
The benefits of a new generation of birth control pills:
- Have a highly effective contraceptive effect.
Normalize the menstrual cycle in women with irregular cycles. - They help to reduce the volume of blood loss, and also eliminate manifestations of PMS and painful sensations during menstruation.
- Prevent the development of such a disease as iron deficiency anemia.
- Reduces the likelihood of developing a cancerous tumor of the ovaries and endometrium.
- Significantly reduces the risk of developing genital diseases of an inflammatory nature.
- Some drugs have a pronounced therapeutic effect (in the case of myoma, the condition improves or, in some cases, a complete cure occurs).
- Some drugs have an antiandrogenic effect.
- Several times reduces the risk of osteoporosis.
- Have a positive effect on the skin, hair and nails, as well as a curative effect in skin diseases on the background of hormonal failures.
- They are an excellent preventive against uterine myoma and endometriosis .
- Prevention of ectopic pregnancy .
New birth control pills.
Among the combined oral tablets, taking into account the content of hormones in them, there are: microdosed, low-dose, medium-dose, and also tablets with a high content of hormones.
Microdosed hormonal birth control pills are well tolerated and recommended to young and yet unborn women who have a regular sexual life (once a week or more). Ideal for women who have never used hormonal contraceptives. Due to the minimal amount of hormones in the preparations of this group, the probability of side effects is minimized. The most popular microdosed drugs are: Mersilon, Lindineth, Miniziston, Novinet, Yarina, Jess with antiandrogenic effect, Tri-Mercy, Logest.
Low-dose hormonal drugs in the form of tablets are prescribed to young women who do not have a history of childbirth and who lead a regular sex life, in the absence of a positive result from the use of microdosed drugs. In addition, the drugs of this group are suitable for women of late reproductive age. Have some side effects. The most popular drugs in the group are: Lindineth-30, Silest, Miniziston 30, Marvelon (may cause menstrual irregularity), Microgonon, Femoden, Regulon, Rigevidone, Janine (with antiandrogenic action), Belara (with antiandrogenic effect).
Mid-dosed hormone tablets are ideal for the delivery of women and women giving birth in the late reproductive period, leading a regular sex life. The drugs have a high degree of protection and contribute to the normalization of the menstrual cycle: Chloe (has an antiandrogenic effect), Diane-35 with antiandrogenic effect, Demulin, Trikwilar, Triziston, Tri-regol, Milvan.
High-dosage hormone tablets are prescribed only by a doctor as medications. This kind of contraception is recommended for women with children, as well as women of late reproductive age, who have a regular sexual life in the absence of the effect of using low- and medium-dose drugs. The most common representatives of this group of contraceptives are: trikvilar triziston, non-ovolon, Ovidon.
Mini-drank.
In the mini-drink there are only progestogens. This contraceptive option is suitable for women giving birth and women of late reproductive age who lead a regular sexual life in the presence of contraindications to the use of COCs. These drugs have fewer side effects, but are inferior to the effectiveness of COCs. These are drugs such as: lactinet, Norkolut, Eksluton, Micronor, Charozetta, Microlut.
Disadvantages of use.
Women who use COCs as a means of preventing unplanned pregnancy can periodically increase their blood pressure (in three to five percent of cases), and in some cases, the course of the current hypertension may worsen.
COC does not promote the development of cholelithiasis. However, if a woman has gallstones, there may be an increase in the incidence of biliary colic.
Taking birth control pills, it is worth knowing that in the first months of admission, there may be irregularities in the menstrual cycle. Usually there are spotting spotting, or menstruation does not occur at all. These phenomena are absolutely normal, after a while (usually two to three months) after the start of taking the tablets, the process is normalized. If this does not happen, and this occurs in rare cases, a woman should consult a doctor with a gynecologist to choose another most appropriate drug.
Acceptance of COC, contrary to popular belief, does not affect the increase in body weight. If there is a set of excess weight, its cause is not hormonal drugs, but an incorrect diet and low level of physical activity. Properly selected contraceptives of the new generation with a low content of hormones do not affect body weight in any way.
Some means of contraception due to their use can cause unpleasant sensations in the mammary glands. This can be expressed in the appearance of a feeling of tension or pain. The manifestation of symptoms is similar to that of early pregnancy. Worry about this is also not worth it. All will pass by itself after several receptions of the drug.
In rare cases, COCs can cause severe headaches. If the occurrence of headaches has become frequent, while in combination with hearing and visual impairment, it is recommended to stop taking the medication and contact a gynecologist.
Often, women after 40 when taking oral contraceptive data feel attacks of nausea, which in rare cases go to vomiting. Specialists attribute this to the age-related hormonal changes in the female body. Usually taking pills just before bed helps to significantly reduce the manifestations of these attacks.
In some cases, after taking the drug, women experience emotional mood swings. Despite the fact that doctors deny the connection of this phenomenon with the use of COC, it is still worthwhile to see a doctor.
The intake of hormonal tablets positively affects the libido of a woman, greatly enhancing it. But in some cases, the effect may be reversed. To be frightened of it it is not necessary, as the given phenomenon has time character.
When taking oral hormonal contraceptives, pigmentation spots can occur, especially in open areas of the body, which are most often exposed to sunlight. In this case, it is recommended to stop taking this medication. Usually this phenomenon is temporary.
Properly selected contraceptives individually for each woman reduce the risk of side effects to a minimum.
Contraindications to the use of COCs:
- presence of ischemic heart disease now or in the past;
- Smoking women (15 or more cigarettes a day) are older than 35 years;
- women with estrogen-dependent tumors;
- indications of arterial pressure above 160/100 mm Hg;
- defeat of the valvular apparatus of the heart;
- diabetes mellitus in severe form;
- the presence of vascular changes and thrombotic complications;
- tumor and liver dysfunction.
This group of women as a substitute can be assigned mini-saws.
8 October 2012
- This article is usually read
Methods of contraception for women
To date, there is a huge selection of contraceptive methods for women that will help prevent the onset of ...
Contraceptive pills (oral contraceptives)
Concerning the use of hormonal contraceptives, disputes still remain, despite the fact that today ...
Are birth control pills dangerous?
Production of the first birth control pills was carried out in 1960. Birth control pills are widely ...
Contraceptives for women
In the medical language, the term contraceptives means means of preventing pregnancy in women of reproductive age ...
11 Myths of Hormonal Contraception
At present, there are a lot of prejudices about the use of hormonal contraception, whereas ...
Side effects of hormonal contraception
Contraception is not only a protection against unwanted pregnancy, but also a way of preserving health and the possibility of ...
